Description

Nasal and paranasal tumors are tumors that begin in and around the area, step inside the nose. Nasal tumors begin in the main hallway inside the nose, called the nasal cavity. Paranasal tumors begin in air-filled chambers around the nose called the paranasal sinuses.

Some nasal and paranasal tumors are not cancerous. These benign tumors are also called benign tumors. Can block the flow of air through the nose.

Other nasal and paranasal tumors are cancer. Cancerous tumours are also called malignant tumours. They can invade and destroy healthy body tissue. At the time, cells can break away and spread to other parts of the body.

Several types of nasal and paranasal tumors exist. The type of tumor you have helps determine the best treatment for you.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of nasal and paranasal tumors may include:

  • Difficulty breathing through the nose.
  • Frequent headaches.
  • The loss of the sense of smell.
  • Nosebleeds.
  • The secretion of the nose.
  • Swelling of the face, or the pain.
  • Watery eyes.
  • A sore on the roof of the mouth.
  • Vision problems.
  • A lump in the neck.
  • Difficulty opening the mouth.

When to see a doctor

Make an appointment with a doctor or other health care professional if you have any symptoms that worry you.

Causes

Nasal and paranasal tumors occur when cells in the nasal cavities or chambers around the nose develop changes in their DNA. A cell's DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do. In healthy cells, the DNA contains the instructions to grow and multiply at a set rate. The instructions also say that the cells die at a set time. In tumor cells, the changes that are given different instructions. Changes to say to the tumor cell to make many more cells quickly. Tumor cells can continue living when healthy cells would die. This makes too many cells.

Sometimes changes in the DNA of rotation of the cells in the cancer cells. The cancerous cells can invade and destroy healthy body tissue. At the time, cancer cells can break off and spread to other parts of the body. When cancer spreads, it is called metastatic cancer.

Risk factors

Factors that may increase the risk of nasal and paranasal tumors include:

  • Smoking tobacco increases the risk. This includes cigarettes, cigars, and pipes.
  • Be exposed to air pollution. Breathing polluted air increases the risk of nasal and paranasal tumors.
  • Exposure to chemicals and irritants in the air of the work. These can include dust of wood, the smoke of the glue, alcohol, and formaldehyde, and the dust of the flour, chromium and nickel.
  • Be exposed to the human papilloma virus, also calledHPV. HPV is a common virus that is spread through sexual contact. For most people, it causes no problems and goes away on its own. For others, it causes changes in the cells that can lead to many types of cancer.

Prevention

To reduce the risk of nasal and paranasal tumors, you can:

  • Stop smoking. If you don't smoke, don't start. If you currently use tobacco of any kind, talk to a health professional about strategies to help you quit smoking.
  • Protect yourself at work. Follow your workplace safety standards to protect you from harmful gases and irritants in the air, such as the use of a facial mask.
  • Ask about theHPVvaccine. To receive a vaccine to prevent HPV infection may reduce the risk of HPV-related cancers. Ask your doctor or another health professional if a vaccine against HPV is right for you.

Diagnosis

Tests and procedures used to diagnose nasal and paranasal tumors include:

The use of a tiny camera to see the inside of the nasal cavity and sinuses

Nasal endoscopy is a procedure to look inside the nose. It uses a thin tube with a light and a camera. The tube is inserted in the nose. The camera sends images to a computer for your health care team to look at. These photos will help your team to look for any signs of a tumor.

Removing a sample of tissue for testing

A biopsy is a procedure to collect a sample of tissue for analysis. For the nose and sinus tumors, the procedure involves taking a sample of cells from the inside of the nose or sinuses. Often, a professional of the health presents the sample during a nasal endoscopy. The special tools can go through the tube to take the cells. Another type of biopsy uses a thin needle that is inserted directly into the suspicious area to collect a sample of cells. The samples are then sent to a lab to be tested. In the laboratory, the tests can show whether the cells are cancerous.

Imaging tests

Imaging tests capture images of the interior of the body. The pictures can show the size and location of a tumor. Imaging tests for the nose and sinus tumors may include x-rays and scans, such as computed tomography , magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography, also called PET .

Your health care team may suggest more tests and procedures according to their condition.

Treatment

The majority of the nasal and paranasal tumors are treated with surgery to remove the tumor. The treatment for the nose and sinus tumors depends on where the tumor is located and what types of cells are involved. Your care team will work with you to come up with a treatment plan that is best for your tumor.

Surgery

The goal of surgery of the nose and sinuses of the tumors is to remove all of the tumor. The surgeon may also remove some of the tissue around the tumor to make sure that all the tumor cells are removed. Surgeons access the nasal and paranasal tumors by:

  • Make a cut in the nose or the mouth to reach the tumor. An incision near the nose or in the mouth gives surgeons access to the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses. The surgeon removes the tumor and the areas that can be affected, such as the proximity to the bone.
  • Put the tools through the nose. Sometimes, the surgeon can access the tumor through nasal endoscopy. The surgeon places the endoscopy tube through the nose. Special tools to go through the tube to cut off the tumor.

Nasal and paranasal tumors are located close to important structures in your head. This includes the brain, eyes and nerves that control vision. The surgeons work to minimize the damage to these areas.

Other treatments for nose and sinus cancers

Cancerous nasal and paranasal tumors might need other treatments for the control of cancer cells. The options may include:

  • The radiation therapy.Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, a machine directs the rays of energy to specific points on the body to kill the cancer cells there. The radiation may be used after surgery to destroy any cancer cells that remain. If surgery is not an option, the treatment can begin with the radiation therapy and chemotherapy at the same time. The surgery might not be an option if the cancer grows or spreads.
  • Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses strong drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used after surgery to kill any remaining cells. Sometimes chemotherapy is performed at the same time as radiation therapy, because it causes the radiation work better.
  • Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy is treatment with medicines that help your body's immune system destroys the cancer cells. Your immune system fights diseases by attacking the germs and other cells that should not be in your body. Cancer cells survive by hiding from the immune system. Immunotherapy helps the cells of the immune system find and kill cancer cells. Immunotherapy can be used when the cancer spreads to other parts of the body and other treatments have not helped.

The radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, a machine directs the rays of energy to specific points on the body to kill the cancer cells there.

The radiation may be used after surgery to destroy any cancer cells that remain. If surgery is not an option, the treatment can begin with the radiation therapy and chemotherapy at the same time. The surgery might not be an option if the cancer grows or spreads.

Coping and support

People facing a serious illness, often say that they feel concerned about the future. With time, you will find ways to cope with your feelings. You can find solace in these strategies:

  • Ask questions about nasal and paranasal tumors.Write down questions you have about your tumor. Ask these questions at your next appointment. Also ask your health care team by reliable sources where you can get more information. To know more about his tumor and its treatment options can make you feel more comfortable when making decisions about your care.
  • Stay connected with friends and family.Friends and family can provide support and comfort. Its diagnosis can be stressful for friends and family also. Try to keep your involvement in your life. Your friends and family will probably ask if there is anything I can do to help you. Think about the tasks that you would like to help, such as taking care of your house if you have to stay in the hospital, or simply listen to when you want to talk.
  • Find someone to talk to. Find someone you can talk with a person who has experience in helping people facing a life-threatening illness. Ask your health care team to suggest a counselor or a medical social worker can talk. For support groups, contact the American Cancer Society or ask your health care team about local or online groups.

Ask questions about nasal and paranasal tumors. Write down questions you have about your tumor. Ask these questions at your next appointment. Also ask your health care team by reliable sources where you can get more information.

To know more about his tumor and its treatment options can make you feel more comfortable when making decisions about your care.

Stay connected with friends and family. Friends and family can provide support and comfort. Its diagnosis can be stressful for friends and family also. Try to keep your involvement in your life.

Your friends and family will probably ask if there is anything I can do to help you. Think about the tasks that you would like to help, such as taking care of your house if you have to stay in the hospital, or simply listen to when you want to talk.

Preparing for your appointment

Make an appointment with a doctor or other health care professional if you have any symptoms that worry you.

If you could have a nasal or sinus tumor, you may be referred to a physician that specializes in diseases that affect the ears, the nose and the throat, called a specialist in otolaryngology. This type of doctor also called an otolaryngologist.

Because appointments can be brief, it is a good idea to be prepared. Here's some information to help you prepare.

What you can do

  • Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions. At the time you make the appointment, be sure to ask if there is anything that you need to do in advance, such as restrict your diet before a test.
  • Write down any symptoms you're experiencing, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason for which you scheduled the appointment.
  • Write down key personal information, including major stresses or recent life changes.
  • Make a list of all medications, vitamins or supplements you are taking and the dose.
  • Have a family member or friend. Sometimes it can be difficult to remember all the information provided during an appointment. Someone who goes with you may remember something that you missed or forgot.
  • Write questions to ask their health care team.

Your time with your health care team is limited, so preparing a list of questions can help you make the most of their time together. A list of questions from most important to least important in case time runs out. For the nose and sinus tumors, some basic questions to ask include:

  • Do I have cancer?
  • Where is my tumor?
  • What other tests do I need?
  • What are my treatment options?
  • There is a treatment that is best for my type of tumor?
  • What are the possible side effects of each treatment?
  • Should I seek a second opinion? Can you give Me the names of the experts recommend?
  • Am I eligible for the clinical trials?
  • Are there brochures or other printed material that I can take with me? What sites do you recommend?
  • What is going to determine whether I should plan for a follow-up visit?

What to expect from your doctor

Be prepared to answer questions about your symptoms and your health, such as:

  • When did you begin experiencing symptoms?
  • The symptoms been continuous or occasional?
  • How severe are the symptoms?
  • What, if anything, seems to improve your symptoms?
  • What, if anything, appears to worsen your symptoms?
Symptoms and treatment of the Nasal and paranasal tumors