Description

A hematoma intracranial it is an accumulation of blood within the skull. The blood can accumulate in the brain tissue or underneath the skull, pressing on the brain. It is usually caused by a blood vessel bursting in the brain. It can also be caused by a head injury due to a car accident or a fall.

Some injuries on the head, such as that only a short period of unconsciousness, may be less. However, a hematoma in the brain is potentially dangerous for the life. It usually requires immediate treatment. This may include surgery to remove the blood.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a hematoma intracranial may appear immediately after a head injury or can take weeks or longer to appear. There may be a period of time without symptoms after a head injury. This is called the interval lucid.

Over time, pressure in the brain increases, the production of some or all of the following symptoms:

  • A headache that gets worse.
  • Vomiting.
  • Drowsiness and gradual loss of consciousness.
  • The dizziness.
  • Confusion.
  • Students who are of different sizes.
  • Difficulty in speech.
  • The loss of movement, known as paralysis on the opposite side of the body from the head injury. As more blood fills the brain or the narrow space between the brain and the skull, other symptoms may appear, such as: Feeling very drowsy or slow.Seizures.The loss of consciousness.
  • You feel very sleepy or slow.
  • Seizures.
  • The loss of consciousness.

The loss of movement, known as paralysis on the opposite side of the body from the head injury.

As more blood fills the brain or the narrow space between the brain and the skull, other symptoms may appear, such as:

  • You feel very sleepy or slow.
  • Seizures.
  • The loss of consciousness.

When to see a doctor

A hematoma intracranial can be life-threatening and needs emergency treatment.

Seek medical attention immediately after a blow to the head if you or someone you know experiences:

  • The loss of consciousness.
  • A headache that does not go away.
  • Vomiting, weakness, blurred vision, trouble staying stable.

If you do not notice symptoms right after a blow to the head, the clock of physical, mental, and emotional changes. For example, if someone seems to be fine after a head injury and can talk, but later it becomes unconscious, seek medical attention immediately.

And even if you feel well, ask someone else to take care of you. The loss of memory after a blow to the head can make you forget about the coup. Anyone who says it could be more likely to recognize the warning signs and obtain medical attention.

Causes

The most common cause of a hematoma intracranial injury is an injury to the head. A head injury that causes bleeding inside the skull can be the result of motor vehicle or bicycle accidents, falls, assaults, and sports injuries.

If you are an older adult, even mild head trauma can cause a hematoma. This is especially true if you are taking a drug anti-coagulant or anti-platelet medicine, such as aspirin.

A head injury can cause a hematoma, intracranial, even if there is no open wound, bruise, or other obvious damage.

What happens in the brain to cause bleeding varies according to the type of hematoma. There are three categories of hematoma — subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma and hematoma intracerebral. A hematoma within the brain is also known as an intraparenchymal hematoma.

Subdural Hematoma

A subdural hematoma occurs when blood vessels burst between the brain and the outermost of the three protective layers that cover the brain. This outermost layer is called the dura mater. The filtration of the blood forms a hematoma that presses on the brain tissue. A hematoma that becomes larger can cause gradual loss of consciousness and possibly death.

Subdural hematomas may be:

  • Acute. This most dangerous type is usually caused by a severe head injury, and symptoms usually appear immediately.
  • Subacute. The symptoms take time to develop, sometimes days or weeks after a head injury.
  • Chronic. The result of less severe injuries to the head, this type of hematoma can cause bleeding slow, and the symptoms can take weeks and even months to appear. It is possible that I do not remember hurting his head. For example, hitting his head while entering the car can cause bleeding, especially if you're on a blood thinner.

All three types require medical attention as soon as symptoms appear. Immediate medical attention can prevent permanent damage to the brain.

Epidural Hematoma

An epidural hematoma occurs when a blood vessel bursts between the outer surface of the dura mater and the skull. The blood then leaks between the dura mater and the skull to form a mass that exerts pressure on the brain tissue. The most common cause of an epidural hematoma is an injury to the head. This type is also called a hematoma extradural.

Some people with an epidural hematoma remain conscious. But the most sleepy, or enter into a state of coma from the time of the injury. An epidural hematoma that affects an artery in the brain can be life-threatening without timely treatment.

Hematoma Intracerebral

A hematoma intracerebral occurs when blood accumulates in the tissues of the brain. A hematoma intracerebral also called an intraparenchymal hematoma. There are many causes, including:

  • A head injury, which can result in multiple hematomas, intracerebral.
  • A rupture of a dilation of a blood vessel, known as an aneurysm.
  • Poorly connected to arteries and veins from birth.
  • The high blood pressure.
  • Tumors.
  • Some diseases can cause a sudden leakage of blood into the brain.

Risk factors

Intracranial Hematomas can be caused by a head injury. Activities that increase the risk of a severe head injury, such as riding a motorcycle or a bicycle without a helmet, it also increases the risk of a hematoma in the brain.

The risk of a subdural hematoma increases with age. The risk is also higher for people who:

  • Take aspirin or other blood thinning medication daily.
  • Have alcohol use disorder.

Some conditions can also increase the risk of a hematoma within the brain. They include being born with poorly connected to arteries and veins, and have a dilation of a blood vessel in the brain, known as an aneurysm. High blood pressure, tumors and certain diseases also increase the risk.

Prevention

To prevent or minimize a head injury that can cause a hematoma, intracranial:

  • Wear a helmet and make sure your children wear helmets. Take an appropriate and properly fitted helmet when doing any activity that could result in head injuries. This includes the contact sports, cycling, motorcycling, skiing, riding, skating rink, skate and snowboarding.
  • Buckle your seat belt and make sure your children are buckled in. To do this each time you drive or ride in a motor vehicle.
  • Protecting small children. Always use a properly fitted car seats. The pad countertops and the edges of the boards, block stairs, and attach heavy furniture or appliances to the wall to prevent tipping. Keep children from climbing on the objects that are not secure or constant. Place of safety gates on the stairs and guards on windows.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hematoma, intracranial can be a challenge due to the fact that people with a head injury may seem right the first time. Health professionals generally assumed that the bleeding within the skull is the cause of a loss of consciousness after a head injury until proven otherwise.

Imaging techniques are the best ways to determine the position and the size of the hematoma. These include:

  • Computed tomography. This uses a sophisticated X-ray machine linked to a computer to produce detailed images of your brain. You lie on a movable table that is guided, in what seems like a large donut where the images were taken. CT is the most commonly used method scan to diagnose intracranial hematomas.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging. This is done using a magnetic field and radio waves to take images of the scans. During an mri, you lie on a movable table that is guided within a tube.
  • Angiogram. If there is concern about a possible aneurysm in the brain or in other blood vessels problem, an angiogram can provide more information. This test uses X-rays and a special dye to produce pictures of blood flow in the blood vessels in the brain.

Treatment

Intracranial Hematomas that are small and not causing symptoms does not need to be removed. However, symptoms may appear or worsen days or weeks after the injury. As a result, you may need to be monitored for neurological disorders, have their intracranial pressure monitored and undergo repeated head CT scans.

If you take blood thinners, such as warfarin (Jantoven), you may need therapy to reverse the effects of the medicine. This will reduce the risk of major hemorrhage. Options to invest blood thinners include giving vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma.

Surgery

Hematoma, intracranial treatment often requires surgery. The type of surgery depends on the type of hematoma has. The options include:

  • Surgical drainage. If the blood is in an area, and it has changed a clot solid to a liquid, your doctor may create a small hole in the skull and the use of suction to remove the fluid.
  • Removal of a part of the skull, known as a craniotomy. Large hematomas may require that a portion of his skull is opened to remove the blood.

Recovery

Recovery after a hematoma intracranial can take a long time, and he may not recover completely. The greatest recovery occurs up to six months after the injury, usually with a lesser degree of improvement after that. If you continue to have neurological symptoms after treatment, you may need to have physical therapy and occupational therapy.

Coping and support

Patience is important for addressing brain injury. The majority of the recovery for adults that occurs during the first six months. Then you could have a smaller, more gradual improvements of up to two years after the hematoma.

To help your recovery:

  • Get enough sleep at night, and the rest in the day when you feel tired.
  • Facilitate return to your usual activities when you feel stronger.
  • Do not participate in contact sports and recreational until you get the permission of your doctor.
  • Check with your health care team before starting to drive, play sports, ride a bike or operate heavy machinery. Their reaction times likely to have decreased as a result of his injury in the brain.
  • Check with your health care team before taking the medicine.
  • Do not drink alcohol until you have fully recovered. Alcohol can delay recovery, and drinking too much can increase your risk of a second injury.
  • Write down the things that you have trouble remembering.
  • Talk with someone you trust before making important decisions.
Symptoms and treatment of the hematoma, Intracranial